What you can type
Every example below was run through Ratio 0.6 on 15 October 2026.
Ratio reads each line as a calculation and shows the answer next to it. Write numbers, units, currencies and dates the way you would say them; words it doesn't need are ignored.
Results use the 1,234.5 style here. In the app they follow your Mac's region. Tax rates and public holidays come from the region in Settings; these examples use Germany (19% VAT).
Basics and percentages
| 2 + 3 * 4 | 14 |
| 2^10 | 1,024 |
| sqrt(8) | 2.8284 |
| 5! | 120 |
| 1/3 + 1/4 | 7/12 |
| 20% of 150 | 30 |
| 150 + 20% | 180 |
| 150 - 10% | 135 |
| 50 is what % of 200 | 25% |
| 30 is 15% of what | 200 |
| change(80, 100) | 25% |
Variables, line references and totals
Name a value with =, reuse line 3 with L3, and the line above with prev. Labels such as “Rent” are skipped, so you can write notes beside the numbers.
| price = 1200 | 1,200 |
| discount = 15% | 15% |
| price - discount | 1,020 |
| L3 * 2 | 2,040 |
| prev / 4 | 510 |
sum and average add up the block above them. Tag lines with # words to add up only those, anywhere in the sheet.
| Rent 1200 #home | 1,200 |
| Internet 40 #home | 40 |
| Trip 600 #travel | 600 |
| sum #home | 1,240 |
A line starting with # and a space is a heading. Text in “quotes” is a comment inside a line.
Currencies and crypto
160+ currencies and major cryptocurrencies, refreshed every hour and when the Mac wakes. Without a connection Ratio uses the last rates it downloaded. Results below are from 15 October 2026 and change with the market.
| dinner = 84 eur / 3 | €28 |
| dinner in usd | $31.41 |
| 100 usd in eur | €89.14 |
| 100 EUR in RON | 533.42 RON |
| 0.5 btc in usd | $41,058.34 |
Add a date for that day's European Central Bank reference rate:
| 100 eur in usd on 1 jan 2024 | $110.50 |
Units
150+ units of length, area, volume, mass, speed, temperature, time, data and more. Use in or to.
| 5 km in mi | 3.11 mi |
| 6 ft in cm | 182.88 cm |
| 100 f in c | 37.78 °C |
| 3 cups in ml | 709.76 mL |
| 60 mph in km/h | 96.56 km/h |
| 20 m2 in sq ft | 215.28 ft² |
| 1 gb in mb | 1,000 MB |
| 1 gib in mib | 1,024 MiB |
| 2 h in min | 120 min |
Dates, countdowns and time zones
| 14 oct 2027 - 1 oct 2027 | 13 days |
| 25 dec 2026 + 3 weeks | Fri, 15 Jan 2027 |
| today + 2 weeks | Thu, 29 Oct 2026 |
| in 3 days | Sun, 18 Oct 2026 |
| next friday | Fri, 16 Oct 2026 |
| days until christmas | 71 days |
| until Christmas | 70 days 3 h 20 min |
| 15:00 London in Tokyo | Thu 23:00 |
| now in New York | Thu 14:39 EDT |
| now in unix | 1792089588 |
Lines that start with until are live countdowns: the result ticks down while the sheet is open.
Working days and holidays
Working days skip weekends and the national public holidays of your region. Add your own days off with a holidays = […] line.
| 1 mar 2027 + 10 working days | Mon, 15 Mar 2027 |
| workdays between 1 mar 2027 and 31 mar 2027 | 21 |
| working days in march 2027 | 21 |
| holidays = [24 dec, 31 dec] | |
| 20 dec 2027 + 5 working days | Mon, 27 Dec 2027 |
VAT, margins and rounding
VAT is your region's standard rate. TVA, MwSt, IVA, GST and tax work too, or write the rate after the word.
| 1000 + VAT | 1,190 |
| 1190 without VAT | 1,000 |
| VAT in 1190 | 190 |
| 1000 + VAT 9% | 1,090 |
| 80 + 25% margin | 106.6667 |
| margin(80, 100) | 20% |
| markup(80, 100) | 25% |
| 2.675 to 2 decimals | 2.68 |
| 12.37 to nearest 0.05 | 12.35 |
Loans and interest
Plain-word forms, plus the spreadsheet functions pmt, fv, pv, npv and irr.
| 10k at 4% for 5 years | 12,166.529 |
| 5000 at 7% for 3 years compounded monthly | 6,164.6279 |
| loan 200k at 5% for 30 years | 1,073.6432 |
| pmt(5%/12, 360, 200000) | 1,073.6432 |
| npv(10%, 100, 200, 300) | 481.5928 |
| irr(-1000, 300, 400, 500) | 8.8963% |
Equations and calculus
| solve 2x + 3 = 11 | x = 4 |
| solve x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0 | x = 2 or x = 3 |
| solve cos(x) = x | x ≈ 0.7391 |
| integral(x^2, 0, 3) | 9 |
| derivative(x^3, 2) | 12 |
plot sin(x) or plot x^2 from -2 to 2 draws a small chart in the sheet.
Statistics, primes, complex numbers and constants
| mean(1, 2, 3, 4) | 2.5 |
| median(1, 3, 2) | 2 |
| stdev(2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9) | 2.1381 |
| percentile([3, 7, 9, 12], 90) | 11.1 |
| sum([120, 340, 89]) | 549 |
| isprime(91) | not prime: 7 × 13 |
| isprime(97) | prime |
| (3 + 4i) * (1 - 2i) | 11 - 2i |
| sqrt(-4) | 2i |
| c | 299,792,458 m/s |
Developer maths
| 255 in hex | 0xFF |
| 10 in binary | 0b1010 |
| 255 in bin 8 bits | 0b11111111 |
| -1 in hex u8 | 0xFF |
| 300 in u8 | 44 |
| 0xF0 & 0x3C | 0x30 |
| 1 << 4 | 16 |
| #FF8800 in rgb | rgb(255, 136, 0) |
| #FF8800 in hsl | hsl(32, 100%, 50%) |
| chmod 755 | rwxr-xr-x |
| 1920x1080 aspect | 16:9 |
| 99.9% uptime | 43 min 50 s |
| U+1F600 | 😀 U+1F600 |
Other languages
Ratio understands keywords in Romanian, German, French, Spanish and Italian as well as English, and you can mix them in one sheet.
| 5 km în mile | 3.11 mi |
| 1000 + TVA | 1,190 |
| 1000 + MwSt | 1,190 |
In Terminal
The ratio command uses the same engine as the app.
ratio "5 km in mi" 3.11 mi ratio 20% of 150 30 cat budget.txt | ratio -t line = result, then the total ratio --region FR "1000 + VAT"
Other options: --json, --csv, --explain, --vat N, --fetch. Run ratio --help for the full list.
Questions
How do I calculate VAT on a Mac? Type 1000 + VAT to add it, 1190 without VAT to remove it, or VAT in 1190 to see the tax alone.
Do currencies work offline? Yes, with the last rates Ratio downloaded. They refresh every hour when you're online.
What if a line shows no result? Ratio leaves text it can't calculate blank instead of guessing. Check the spelling of units and currency codes, or hover a result to see how it was reached.